Impinduka mu Mabwiriza agenga Icyemezo cyo kubahiriza USB cyavuguruwe

Umwana w'imyaka itandatu ushaje USB Amakuru yerekeye politiki yo kwemeza ubwishingizi yatumye porogaramu inanirwa kuko USB-IF, EU na Arabiya Sawudite byashyizeho ivugurura rikomeye ry’amategeko kuva mu 2025 kugeza 2026 hamwe n’amategeko y’ingenzi avuguruye ahinnye hano hepfo.

1. Amabwiriza y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi (EU 2022/2380) Imiterere y'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa Ingengabihe y'ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry'ubwoko bwa C mu byiciro bibiri:

• Icyiciro cya 1 (Ukuboza 28, 2024): Ibyiciro 13 birimo telefoni zigendanwa, tableti, kamera ya digitale, ecouteur, computer igendanwa, e-reader, Bluetooth, clavier, souris na wireless router bisaba uburyo bwo guhuza ubwoko bwa Type-C kugira ngo isoko ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi rigerweho;
• Icyiciro cya 2 (Mata 28, 2026 cyamaze gukurikizwa): Mudasobwa zose zigendanwa nshya zagurishijwe mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi zigengwa n’amategeko agenga umuyoboro wa Type-C hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kwihutisha gusharija byihuse bya >15W bikeneye inkunga ya protocole ya USB PD ikurikije amategeko.

Amabwiriza agenga iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko ya EU yifashishije urukurikirane rwa EN IEC62680: IEC62680-1-2 ku bipimo bya USB PD na IEC62680-1-3 ku bipimo ngenderwaho bya Type-C connector/cable. Amabwiriza ya EU RED akoreshwa ubu ashingiye ku bipimo ngenderwaho bya 2022-version EN mu gihe PD3.2 V1.1 na Type-C2.4 bivuguruye bikomeza guhuza neza n’inyuma kugira ngo haboneke icyemezo. Amabwiriza y’inyongera ya EU Ecodesign Regulation (EU) 2025/2052 agamije iyubahirizwa ry’amakuru ya USB-C yo hanze atangira gukurikizwa ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2028, hakaba hamaze imyaka 3 y’inzibacyuho uhereye igihe hasohowe ku mugaragaro Ugushyingo 2025.

Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi mu mategeko: Itegeko ry'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ritegeka gusa IEC62680 gukurikiza ibipimo nta gipimo gitegetswe cya USB-IF TID nk'inyandiko yo kwemererwa ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo; abakora ibicuruzwa bashobora gukoresha raporo yemewe ya laboratwari ya IEC62680 + icyemezo cyo kwiyemeza kugira ngo buzuze ibisabwa na CE nta cyemezo cyemewe cya TID, nubwo abacuruza ibicuruzwa benshi b'i Burayi bashaka TID nk'umubare w'abayikoresha mu buryo butunguranye. Umuyoboro wa USB-IF wemewe wa EU Conformity IEC62680 ni serivisi yo korohereza ubucuruzi ntabwo ari itegeko.

2. Amategeko agenga inshingano za SASO na CST muri Arabiya Sawudite. Amabwiriza y’ubwoko bwa C mu nzego ebyiri yatanzwe ku bufatanye na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Itumanaho muri Arabiya Sawudite (CST) n’ibiro bisanzwe bya SASO:

• Icyiciro cya 1 (1 Mutarama 2025): Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu bwoko bwa electronic mobile nkuko EU ibishyira mu bikorwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa porogaramu ya Type-C;
• Icyiciro cya 2 (Itangira ku ya 1 Mata 2026): Mudasobwa zigendanwa zongewe mu buryo busabwa bwa Type-C kugira ngo abantu binjire ku isoko rya Sawudite binyuze kuri platform ya SABER certification ikurikije SASO IEC62680-1-2:2023 na SASO IEC62680-1-3:2023 ibipimo biheruka (raporo z'ibizamini bya 2017 ntizemerwa na laboratwari zo mu gace).

Itandukaniro ry’ibisabwa n’umucuruzi ukomoka ku muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’uburayi: Nubwo amategeko ya Sawudite adashyiraho TID nk’inyandiko y’icyemezo cya SABER PCoC/SC, abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bakomeye bo mu gace kamwe basaba USB-IF TID yemewe ku bicuruzwa byinjira, bityo TID ikaba ari yo mpamvu yemewe yo kwinjira ku isoko mu buryo bw’ubucuruzi bwo muri Sawudite. Ubugenzuzi bw’isoko rya Sawudite bukora igenzura ry’inyandiko ngarukamwaka rikuraho icyemezo cya SC cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa.

3. Ivugurura ry'amabwiriza y'imbere ya USB-IF:

Ikizamini cy'amashanyarazi cya D3 gitegetswe guhera muri Nzeri 1, 2025. Icyemezo cyose gishya cya USB3.2 na USB4 cyo ku ruhande rw'ibikoresho byo kwakira abashyitsi cyongeraho igenzura ritavanguye rya D3 ritwara amafaranga y'inyongera ya USD1,500 ~ 2,000 kuri buri kintu kimwe hamwe n'ubusabe bwihariye bwo kugabanya amafaranga busaba koherezwa mbere y'amezi atatu kuri USB-IF.

4. Ibisobanuro bishya bya PD3.2 V1.1 na USB4 V2.0

Ibisobanuro bya PD byavuguruwe kuva kuri PD3.1 kugera kuri PD3.2 V1.1 hamwe n'ibisobanuro bivuguruye by'ikizamini kuva muri Q4 2024 hamwe n'ibisobanuro bya cable ya Type-C byavuguruwe kugeza kuri Release2.4 hamwe n'ibisubizo bine by'ingenzi by'ikizamini:

• Gutanga voltage ihindagurika ya AVS biba ngombwa kuri adaptateri y'amashanyarazi ya >27W ituma voltage ihindagurika ya 100mV-step ihinduka hagati ya 9 ~ 15V / 9 ~ 20V isimbura ibikoresho bya voltage bihoraho;
• Ikizamini cya FRS Fast Role Swap Initial Sink ni itegeko mu gihe icyemezo cya Initial Source kitarafungurwa;
• Shaja ifite imiyoboro myinshi ivuga ko ifite ubushobozi bwo gusangira ingufu ikeneye ikizamini cyihariye cyo guhuza imizigo gitanga umusaruro wihuse wa ≥7.5W ku buryo bworoshye bwo gushyiramo icyuma gishya mu gihe cy'amasegonda 3;
• Icyemezo cy’isoko ry’umuyoboro umwe wa EPR 240W kirahari hamwe n’icyemezo cy’umuyoboro wa EPR myinshi mu gihe hategerejwe itangazo rya USB-IF mu gihe kizaza.

Igihe cyo kwimura: Amezi 18 kuri chip ya semiconductor, amezi 24 ku gicuruzwa cyarangiye; PD3.1 na PD3.2 byemewe by'agateganyo ariko iterambere ry'umushinga mushya risabwa gukoresha verisiyo iheruka ya PD3.2 kugira ngo ihuzwe n'igihe kirekire.

USB4 V2.0 (80Gbps ikoresha icyerekezo cy’imirongo ibiri + 240W PD) ikurikiza itegeko rivuguruye ryo gushyira ibimenyetso ku mapaki: Paki yo hanze igomba gucapa ikirango cy’ibiciro cya "USB 80Gbps" / "USB40Gbps" cyemerera gushyira ibimenyetso by’ikoranabuhanga by’inyongera bya "USB4 Version2.0" mu gihe ibuza ikimenyetso cy’ibiciro cya "USB440Gbps" ku bicuruzwa bya 80Gbps; Icyemezo cyemewe cya USB4 kiboneka gusa muri PIL Platform Interoperability Lab aho kuba inama isanzwe yo kubahiriza amategeko buri gihembwe.

5. Ibisabwa na Microsoft WHCP Windows11 Device Extra USB-C 

Igikoresho cyemewe na Windows11 WHCP gikeneye amakuru yuzuye + ingufu, aho gukoresha ubwoko bwa C hakuwemo uburyo bwo gushyushya gusa hamwe n’igenzura ryihariye rya protocole ya USB kugira ngo harebwe WHCP (ishyirwa mu bikorwa rishya ry’abasaba serivisi nta mbogamizi zihari ku bikoresho bya kera).

6. Inama Nkuru y'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko ya USB-IF iri imbere #141 (Kanama 4 ~ 7, 2026 Portland USA) Ihagarikwa ryo kwiyandikisha:

19 Nyakanga 2026 ni umwihariko w’ikigo cy’abanyamuryango ba USB-IF hamwe n’igeragezwa ryemewe ku buntu ku rubuga:

✅Ibikoresho byemewe byemewe: USB2.0/3.1Gen1/Gen2, PD3.2 chip/power adapter (PPS idasabwa), igikoresho cyo gusingira gifite imiyoboro imwe/inini (cyujuje ibisabwa na EPR), power bank, sharing-output charger, FRS Initial Sink, E-Marker EPR cable + exclusive EU IEC62680 conformity track;

❌Icyemezo cyemewe kidahari: Igikoresho cya USB4, charger ya PPS ikoresha sinki, ibicuruzwa bya port ya EPR nyinshi, FRS Initial Source (byose ni isuzuma ry'ibanze gusa). Gutegura usaba: Ifishi isanzwe ya VIF V3.32 + ishusho y'igicuruzwa + icyitegererezo cy'ibipimo bibiri (kimwe cyuzuye umuriro, ikindi gifite bateri irimo ubusa ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha bateri).

7. Politiki yo gusonerwa ibizamini byo kongera gupimwa mu minsi 180 ya QPRDv4

Igicuruzwa cyemewe gifite uburenganzira bwo guhindurwa igice cy’ibicuruzwa mu minsi 180, ariko ntikigomba kongera gupimwa burundu kugira ngo gihindurwe, harimo ibara ry’igishishwa, gupakira hanze no gusimbuza ibikoresho bidakoresha ikoranabuhanga; imiterere ya PCB/guhindura chips bituma kidasabwa gukorerwa igenzura ryinshi. Gahunda ya OEM yemerera ibicuruzwa byarangiye kwakira TID yemewe n’umucuruzi w’ibice byemewe mbere nta gupimwa kabiri binyuze mu burenganzira bw’umutanga serivisi wa USB-IF bwo kugabanya ikiguzi cya SKU nyinshi.